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License Plate Tracking for All
WASHINGTON
-- Jealous lovers may soon have an alternative to sniffing for perfume to
catch a cheating mate: Just follow their license plate.
In
recent years, police around the country have started to use powerful infrared
cameras to read plates and catch carjackers and ticket scofflaws. But the
technology will soon migrate into the private sector, and morph into a tool
for tracking individual motorists' movements, says former policeman Andy
Bucholz, who's on the board of Virginia-based G2
Tactics, a manufacturer of the technology.
Bucholz,
who designed some of the first mobile license plate reading, or LPR,
equipment, gave a presentation at the 2006 National Institute of Justice
conference here last week laying out a vision of the future in which LPR does
everything from helping insurance companies find missing cars to letting
retail chains chart customer migrations. It could also let a nosy citizen with
enough cash find out if the mayor is having an affair, he says.
Giant
data-tracking firms such as ChoicePoint, Accurint and Acxiom already collect
detailed personal and financial information on millions of Americans. Once
they discover how lucrative it is to know where a person goes between the
supermarket, for example, and the strip club, the LPR industry could explode,
says Bucholz.
Private
detectives would want the information. So would repo men or bail bondsmen. And
the government, which often contracts out personal data collection -- in part,
so it doesn't have to deal with Freedom of Information Act requests -- might
encourage it.
"I
know it sounds really Big Brother," Bucholz says. "But it's going to
happen. It's going to get cheaper and cheaper until they slap them up on every
taxicab and delivery truck and track where people live." And work. And
sleep. And move.
Privacy
advocates worry that Bucholz, who wants to sell LPR data to consumer data
brokers like ChoicePoint, knows what
he's talking about.
"We
have pretty much a Wild West society when it comes to privacy rights,"
says Jay Stanley, a spokesman for the American Civil Liberties Union.
"The overall lesson here is that we really need to put in place some
broad-based privacy laws. We need to establish basic ground rules for how
these new capabilities are constrained."
Current
laws don't constrain much. Just as it's legal for the paparazzi to take
pictures of celebrities in public, it's legal for anyone to photograph your
license plate on the street. Still, there aren't enough LPR units in service
yet to follow your car everywhere.
The
systems, which cost around $25,000 and are made by G2 Tactics, Civica, AutoVu
and Remington Elsag Law Enforcement Systems, among others, have been sold
mostly to major police departments around the country.
Police
in cities such as Los Angeles use them to hunt down stolen cars and felony
vehicles like getaway cars. And parking-enforcement officers use LPR to
collect money -- lots of it. In the first 12 hours after New Haven,
Connecticut, deployed a G2 Tactics LPR to crack down on parking violations,
the city towed or booted 119 cars, resulting in a $40,000 windfall, according
to Bucholz.
LPR
cameras, which are usually around the size of a can of tomato sauce, can be
mounted on police cruisers and powered by cigarette lighters. As the car
moves, the camera bounces infrared light off other vehicles' license plates.
The camera reads the plates and feeds them to a laptop in real time, where
information from an FBI or local database can tell an officer if the car is
hot. Some systems can read up to 60 plates per second, and they work at
highway speeds and acute angles.
The
next step is connecting the technology to databases that will tell cops
whether a sexual offender has failed to register in the state or is loitering
too close to a school, or whether a driver has an outstanding warrant. It
could also snag you if you're uninsured, if your license expired last week or
even if your library books are overdue.
The
subway has never looked more appealing.
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