The reverberations from the shocking collapse of the Minneapolis
I-35W bridge have reached the Puget Sound region. Much of our
transportation infrastructure is of the same vintage as the I-35W
bridge, or older. The August tragedy is a jarring reminder that
long-overdue repair or replacement is an open invitation to disaster.
In Minnesota, within two weeks of the catastrophe, state and local
officials worked with stunning speed and bipartisan collaboration to
secure a $133 million grant from the federal government to address the
sudden loss of a major arterial highway. "Minneapolis needs
solutions that work now, not years and years from now," U.S.
Transportation Secretary Mary Peters declared in announcing the grant.
Whoever heard of transportation solutions that relieve traffic
congestion immediately? Here in Seattle and the Puget Sound region, we
are far more accustomed to snail-paced planning and action. We have
learned to accept that new highways and widened bridges will inevitably
fall short of their intended results because congestion problems in the
meantime have grown exponentially.
The "instant" solution devised for Minneapolis and soon to
become familiar to the Puget Sound region is captured in two words that
should be etched into our rain-soaked Pacific Northwest brains:
congestion tolling.
If you have lived here long enough, you will remember the Evergreen
Point Bridge tolls. Or if you now commute across the new Tacoma Narrows
span, you are also acquainted with tolls.
The twist in "congestion" tolls, also known as congestion
pricing or variable tolls, is this: Charges for using highways and
bridges will vary according to the time of use and routes chosen. High
demand times (i.e., rush hour) and high volume routes (think I-405, SR
520, I-5 from Lynnwood to Southcenter) will cost more.
If the word "toll" conjures in your mind nightmarish images
of booths stretched across a highway bulge or at one end of a bridge,
with long lines of cars slowing or stopping to pay the toll, you are
hopelessly outdated.
Today's toll technology includes electronic tags, transponders,
cameras with license plate recognition capability, and a dazzling array
of devices that allow drivers to pay tolls without stopping or even
slowing down.
Congestion tolling has won over skeptics everywhere it is employed.
The experience of other U.S. cities and major urban centers across the
world shows that congestion pricing reduces traffic loads in peak times,
and increases public transit ridership during those times.
Congestion tolling is coming our way, packaged in the form of a $139
million "gift" from the federal government intended to reduce
congestion and provide seed money for a new Evergreen Point Bridge. The
strings attached to this grant require imposition of variable tolls for
use of the existing bridge.
A study commissioned by King County Executive Ron Sims earlier this
year proposes congestion pricing on all the heavily traveled interstate
and state highways in King County. The practical effect of this plan, if
implemented, will be to change fundamentally the way we think about
using our cars to commute, shop, visit family or friends, or catch a
Mariners game at Safeco Field.
This is the question proponents of congestion tolling want us all to
answer before we hop into our cars: Do I really have to drive my car
now, on this route, or do I delay my trip to a different hour, go by a
different route, or use public transportation?
Credit Sims with an extra measure of guts for taking the lead in
advocating congestion pricing. He expects impassioned resistance, but he
is convinced that people in this area are beginning to understand that
paying tolls may be a far better way of paying for transportation
solutions, than continually raising gasoline taxes to build more
highways.
Congestion tolling will require action by the Legislature. So far,
legislators seem content to watch and wait, and gauge what kind of fire
Sims draws as he floats his proposal. Sims, on his part, is fearless. He
points to the recent I-5 closures and the surprising lack of congestion
as an indication that drivers here, when they must, are already
exercising intelligent judgment in using their cars.
That is the whole point of congestion pricing -- to require us all to
use intelligent judgment when we need to get from point A to point B. I
am hopeful it will not take a major disaster like the I-35W bridge
collapse to get us to do so.